Alma Luisa López Fuentes*, Silvia Morales Chainé*, Leonard Green**, Carlos Santoyo Velasco*, y Lydia Barragán Torres*
* Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
** Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis
Descargar / Download PDF: http://dx.doi.org/10.5514/rmac.v47.i1.79748
Resumen
Palabras clave: generalización, elección de autocontrol, ejemplares múltiples, desvanecimiento de la demora, TDAH.
Abstract
Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are more likely to choose impatiently than controls. Delay fading with an alternative activity, signaling the delay, or self-instruction, have been shown to increase self-control choice, but we know little about their generalization. The present study evaluated the effect of multipleexemplar training on the generalization of self-control choice across settings, behaviors, and time, in two, five-year-old boys with ADHD. We used a multiple-baseline-across-settings design. We trained selfcontrol choice across three settings, and we assessed post-training generalization in the fourth, novel setting. We accommodated each setting with different kinds of exemplars: reinforcers, discriminative stimuli, researchers, and conditions, during the delay of the larger reinforcer. Children showed self-control choice in the novel setting for more than 80% and maintained more than 60% at two-month follow-up. The multiple-exemplar training led ADHD children to generalize self-control choice. Future research should incorporate intra-category exemplar training and natural settings demonstrations.
Key words: generalization, self-control choice, multiple-exemplar, delay fading, ADHD.
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